Photogrammetry is the procedure used to take measurements through photographs and thus determine the geometry of an object or physical space. It is basically the methodology that allows you to create 3D models of objects and spaces from photographs taken from different positions and angles.
It is a non-contact and passive technology that has the ability to obtain information from the object without having to touch it or make any type of emission (laser, X-ray,…).
Photogrammetry is a powerful tool for documentation and analysis in the field of archaeology. Its applications allow a deeper understanding of archaeological objects and sites, as well as their preservation for future generations. Below, the main uses of photogrammetry applied to the field of archeology and heritage:
1. Documentation of archaeological objects:
The creation of 3D models of the archaeological objects found in the excavations is of great help for purposes of study, conversion and also dissemination since it allows not to put the original pieces at risk.
2. Documentation of archaeological sites:
The creation of 3D models of archaeological sites is increasingly established in the working methodology of current archaeology. This technology allows the site to be documented before, during and after excavation, which helps to obtain and preserve a large amount of information that was previously lost. In addition, the ability to carry out photogrammetric surveys from drones has changed the way archeology is done, since in this way information can be obtained from large areas of space in a very short time and in a precise and high-quality manner .
3. Documentation of historical buildings:
The creation of 3D models of the facades, of the interior and/or exterior of buildings and of any type of structure allows the obtaining of orthophotos of their plants, elevations and sections which are of great help to architects, archaeologists, historians, restorers, topographers and other types of technicians.All this information is of vital importance to be able to have well documented any work done on a heritage building (reform, rehabilitation, archaeological excavation, restoration,…) as it allows to have a precise and quality record of what it was like real estate before being intervened.
4. Restoration and conservation documentation:
The 3D models generated from photogrammetry serve as a reference for restoration and conversion interventions as they become a precise information base that helps maintain the authenticity of all types of objects and real estate during conservation work.
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